Fair Value Accounting And Financial Reporting - 2166 Words

Introduction In today’s businesses, there has been an increase in the demand for financial reporting and also, the need to have reliable measurements of fair value and its disclosures. The need for reliable information has caused continuous change to accounting policies which has posed a challenge not only to management of companies, but also to auditors. The frequent changes in accounting principles pose a challenge for managers in measuring accounting estimates accurately and are an exceedingly difficult task. Fair value accounting is a financial reporting approach in which companies are required to measure and report on an ongoing basis certain assets and liabilities at estimates of the prices they would receive if they were to sell the assets or would pay if they were to settle their liabilities. Under fair value accounting, companies report losses when the fair values of their assets decrease or liabilities increase. Those losses reduce companies’ reported equity and may also reduce companies’ reported net income. The International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) also defines fair value as â€Å"the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date†. According to these definitions, fair value is an unrealistic, idealized qualitative value. The current market value is a quantitative value and it does not fully reflect the value of assets when the markets are notShow MoreRelatedAdvance Issues In Accounting1743 Words   |  7 PagesAdvance Issues In Accounting Introduction Accounting is the art of measuring and communicating financial information. To maintain uniformity and consistency in preparing and maintaining books of accounts, certain rules or principles have been evolved. These rules or principles are classified as concepts and conventions. 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Therefore, before making any evaluations about reported transactionsRead MoreEssay about Gators Electronic1411 Words   |  6 Pageslikely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount and proceeded with Step 1 of the quantitative two-step goodwill impairment test for all reporting units. On the basis of the valuation prepared by Management’s Expert, Gator estimated that the fair value of all of the reporting units exceeded their respective carrying values and no Step 2 analysis was required or prepared. The focus of this case study will be on the U.S. reporting unit. 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Why Do Athletes Use Anabolic Steroids - 2261 Words

Jenna Miramontez Professor Winter English 103: Critical Reasoning and Writing 7 May 2015 Why do athletes use Anabolic Steroids? An anabolic steroid is the name that is associated with the male sex hormones. Anabolic steroids promote the development of male sexual characteristics in both males and females, and also promote the growth of the skeletal muscle (drugabuse.gov). In the late 1930s, anabolic steroids were developed. The primary reason for their creation was to treat a certain condition called hypogonadism in which the testes do not create an ample amount of testosterone for sexual functioning, normal growth, and development. Many people associate anabolic steroids with regular steroids; however, they are not the same. Anabolic steroids have a few ways that they can be taken. According to the â€Å"National Institute on Drug Abuse† anabolic steroids are normally either injected into the muscles or taken orally and some can be applied to the skin as a cream or a gel. There is a great risk in taking the anabolic steroid through injections. Injecting this ster oid can lead to HIV and AIDs if not done in a clean environment and with the sharing of needles. Taking these steroids orally is the safest way, but some could argue that taking steroids at all is not good for you. So why is it that so many athletes use anabolic steroids? There are many causes and reasons as to why athletes use anabolic steroids. A major cause for athletes using anabolic steroids is to excelShow MoreRelatedAnabolic Androgenic Steroids Is A Huge Problem Among Today s Athletes857 Words   |  4 PagesComposition Mrs. Vidden 14 January 2015 Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Abuse in Professional Sports Anabolic-androgenic steroids are a huge problem amongst today’s athletes. The use of these drugs has been around for many years in sports. Understanding anabolic-androgenic steroids and why people take them is needed in the process of trying to eliminate them from professional sports. Also, players knowing and understanding how the negatives of anabolic-androgenic steroid use outweigh the positives will hopefullyRead More The Use of Steroids and Performance Enhancing Drugs in Sports1507 Words   |  7 Pageswrite my paper on the topic of steroids and performance enhancing substances that are used today in sports. In this paper I hope to focus on the steroids and performance enhancing drugs and how they have become a problem in sports.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An anabolic steroid is a substance that is related to male sex hormones, known as testosterone. The word â€Å"Anabolic† means muscle building. The word â€Å"steroids† is just referred to as a drug name or a class of drug. Some athletes have made the decision that theyRead MoreAnabolic Steroids. Anabolic Steroids Are A Complex Molecule1377 Words   |  6 PagesAnabolic Steroids Anabolic steroids are a complex molecule used to trick the mind into thinking that testosterone is being produced. 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Moral Philosophy Sport †Hockey Violence Free Essays

Karen Kyung Fuhrmann – PHL376H1S – February 15, 2013 Fist Fight: The NHL Doesn’t Need Goons Introduction Fighting in NHL hockey is illegitimate; it is not an essential part of the game and is merely gratuitous violence. There is no need for a â€Å"goon† on the roster of any hockey team, and fighting should be prohibited in the NHL. This paper will make the above argument in three parts: the first part of the paper will show that such gratuitous violence is not a necessary component of the structure of the game; the second part will show the counter argument for the legitimation of such violence; and the third part will provide a refutation of the counter argument. We will write a custom essay sample on Moral Philosophy Sport – Hockey Violence or any similar topic only for you Order Now Fighting is Illegitimate in NHL Hockey The reason why fighting is illegitimate in NHL hockey is that it is gratuitous violence. Such violence is illegitimate as it gives rise to what Jim Parry calls a genuine moral problem, which occurs â€Å"when violence exceeds what is necessary for its success, whether used instrumentally or not† (210). In hockey, the primary aim is to score the most goals to win and fighting does not contribute significantly to that aim. There are other forms of hockey, like pond hockey or pick-up hockey, which do not include fighting. Fighting in NHL hockey is a mere consequence of a dominant model of competition, where external rewards can only be won by one party at the loss of others (McMurtry 205); this is translated into the commercial model of NHL hockey, and according to McMurtry, â€Å"†¦well-known and systematic pathologies of competitive conflict – violence, cheating†¦ and so on – are a law-like consequence of the dominant structure of competition and not a problem of competition as such† (201). In submerged and free models of competition, however, such pathologies do not occur (or as often) as in dominant models, because there are no ‘zero-sum’ rewards (external rewards that only benefit one party at the expense of others) to motivate pathological behaviour like fighting. Fighting is thus an inessential part of the hockey game. It is merely a negative effect of the dominant model of competition. The benefits of fighting (such as intimidation) do not outweigh its disadvantages (such as serious physical injury and wasting time) for ecuring victory – such violence exceeds what is needed to succeed and is a genuine moral problem. Counter Argument Fighting occurs to deter future illegal assaults from the opposing team and helps keep more dangerous play at bay. First of all, fighting serves as an informal mode of social control, because it is near impossible for a referee to view most illegal assaults (like cross-checking, spearing, etc. ) that occur around co rners, nets, or when an official’s back is turned; especially with the speed and continuous play of hockey (Colburn 168). Colburn asserts that â€Å"†¦to accommodate both these conditions of the game and also the demand for hard-hitting, contact type of sport, rule-enforcement in ice hockey has, to a greater degree than in any other major sport, been partially delegated to individual players† (Colburn168). Moreover, fighting serves as a deterrent for more serious assaults (with hockey sticks, and etc. ), as they give rise to intimidation and give enforcers a mental advantage over opposing players. Players view fighting as more honourable than illegitimate assaults (a. k. a. heap shots), and fighting directly calls out such occurrences. Unlike cheap shots, there are implicit standards for fighting known as â€Å"the code†. Such standards for fighting affirm that only two players are allowed to fight at a given time, both players must give some form of consent to fighting, and both players must drop their gloves. It is a misunderstanding that fighting in the NHL is gratuitous violence a nd Colburn states that â€Å"†¦formal rules of ice hockey do not coincide with the informal, social norms held by players as these pertain to the definition of violence† (156). Refutation Fighting does not help prevent more serious injuries from occurring/recurring, and the issue of accurate surveillance by referees can be remedied by removal from the game and future game suspensions. A 2012 article in the Canadian Medical Association stated that research from Boston University School of Medicine has shown that repeated head trauma can lead to permanent brain damage, and claimed that hockey enforcers are especially vulnerable with their consistent fighting. What researchers†¦ have found in the brains of three prominent hockey players – Rick Martin, Reggie Fleming and Bob Probert – should be enough to sway minds to impose a ban on all forms of intentional head trauma, including fighting, along with severe deterrent penalties such as lengthy suspensions for breaches† (Kale 275). With fighting and other intentional head hits, hockey has now been listed as a sport that results in chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). CTE is associated with memory disturbances, behavioural and personality changes, Parkinsonism, and speech and gait abnormalities (Kale 275). Moreover, players often overestimate the level of protection their face masks and helmets offer. This can be a contributing factor to cheap shots and reckless play, which in turn leads to fighting. These factors reveal that fighting merely contributes insult to injury. Conclusion Overall, fighting does not have a legitimate place in NHL hockey and thinking otherwise can lead to serious injury for all involved parties. Harsher penalties for illegal assaults and fighting should be implemented for both of them to stop occurring (immediate removal and future game suspension) and remove any gratuitous violence from NHL hockey. Sources Colburn, Kenneth Jr. â€Å"Honor, ritual and violence in ice hockey. † Canadian Journal of Sociology. 10. 2 (1985). 153-168. Web. Juhn, Mark, et al. â€Å"Violence and Injury in Ice Hockey. † Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine. 12 (2002):46-51. Web. Kale, Rajendra. â€Å"Stop the violence and play hockey. † Canadian Medical Association Journal. 184. 3 (2012): 275. Web. McMurtry, John. â€Å"How Competition Goes Wrong. † Journal of Applied Philosophy. 8. 2 (1991) 201-210. Web. Parry, Jim. â€Å"Violence and aggression in contemporary sport. † Ethics and Sport. Ed. Mike McNamee. London: E FN Spon, 1998. 205-224. Web. How to cite Moral Philosophy Sport – Hockey Violence, Papers

Dance Hall Music Essay Example For Students

Dance Hall Music Essay Danceable music is corrupting Jamaican musical expression and should not be encourage. Do you agree? Ban, stop orders and incarcerations. Is Jamaican music, or more specifically danceable music, under threat? The musical industry in Jamaica is corrupted by the influence and expression of danceable music and should not be endorsed. Danceable music contributes to crime and violence, deviant sexual behaviors and also paints a bad image of the music industry. Jamaican musical expression is being tainted by corruption of lyrics in danceable USIA and thus contributes to crime and violence in society. Some of the influential artistes in danceable music sing a lot of songs that promotes criminal elements to breed in society. The scourge of crime and gun violence that has now invaded and taken control of lives on many young Jamaican is as a result of the lyrics of these songs and is seen as some criminals anthem and as a result they feed upon them before carry out their act. A line from one of Busy Signal popular songs, Real gangster a road no bow mi nun fear. Real batman bus gunshot between boy eye, such mi kill informal and spies. This kind of lyrics only contributes to the rise of criminal elements and acts in society. When a man can take a gun and shoot another man because he claims that the man disc him, then one needs to ask if these songs are not corrupt to the musical expression of Jamaica. The recent shooting of top Danceable artistes Mad Cobra and Online Edwards of Voice Mail have resulted in renewed calls for Jamaica artistes and the nation as a whole to take a stand against the crime and violence that has overtaken the nation as a whole to take a stand against the crime and violence that has overtaken the island. It is definitely now time for all well thinking Jamaican and fans of danceable to withdraw their support from artistes and music and music producers who continue to produce and promote songs with lyrics that glorify guns, violence and gangsters, There is no place in todays Jamaica for songwriters, performers and music producers who dedicate time and resources to making and promoting such songs, and who tell their fans that Informer FL dead. Some lyrics of danceable music also create gangs in communities and schools. The famous Gully and Gaza are a prime example. Many communities in Jamaica, especially Kingston are plagued with graffiti of which side they are associated with, whether one saying Gaza and the other saying Gully and Gully cannot venture on Gaza territory less is war. As a result of community segregation, it filters in the Dance Hall Music By smash influence the children need? Where is this coming from? Two of Jamaican most popular and influential artistes, Webs Karate and Moved are the trend setters of this nonsense. Another pivotal contribution that the corruption of danceable music imposes on Jamaican musical expression is that it exposes youth to deviant sexual behaviors. I it is a fact that some young people listen to most of Jamaican popular artistes songs and also emulates them. They take these artistes as their role model and practice what they preach. The lyrical contents of danceable song Romping Shop by spice and Webs Karate speak abuts :daggering which means hardcore sex is only teaching the young people to adopt deviant sexual behaviors thus spoiling their reputation, character and dignity. Lady Saws songs Stab up the Meat or Back Shot is only exposing the young people to have the urge or the desire for sexual activities. These songs are only feeding the brains of the young people to become worthless and demoralize. Even the skimpy clothes that the young people are wearing and setting up themselves for all sorts of abuse are stemming from the songs being sung by danceable artistes who should be good role models for them to follow. Some danceable songs have blata nt sexual expression. For example, lines from this popular song from Webs Karate, Gal UCM wine up, UCM turn around and wine up. .uc16b02fc3f23ca4fd5564ff937304e44 , .uc16b02fc3f23ca4fd5564ff937304e44 .postImageUrl , .uc16b02fc3f23ca4fd5564ff937304e44 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc16b02fc3f23ca4fd5564ff937304e44 , .uc16b02fc3f23ca4fd5564ff937304e44:hover , .uc16b02fc3f23ca4fd5564ff937304e44:visited , .uc16b02fc3f23ca4fd5564ff937304e44:active { border:0!important; } .uc16b02fc3f23ca4fd5564ff937304e44 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc16b02fc3f23ca4fd5564ff937304e44 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc16b02fc3f23ca4fd5564ff937304e44:active , .uc16b02fc3f23ca4fd5564ff937304e44:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc16b02fc3f23ca4fd5564ff937304e44 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc16b02fc3f23ca4fd5564ff937304e44 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc16b02fc3f23ca4fd5564ff937304e44 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc16b02fc3f23ca4fd5564ff937304e44 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc16b02fc3f23ca4fd5564ff937304e44:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc16b02fc3f23ca4fd5564ff937304e44 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc16b02fc3f23ca4fd5564ff937304e44 .uc16b02fc3f23ca4fd5564ff937304e44-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc16b02fc3f23ca4fd5564ff937304e44:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Music Video Overviews EssayPose pond De c**KY and wine up. These recording artistes have had and are still having a significant negative impact on the values of young people. Finally, dance hall music is a corruption of Jamaican musical expression and as a result paints a bad image of the music industry both locally and internationally. The recent announcement of a ban restricting Bounty Killer, Bennie Man and Moved from traveling to the united state is the latest in a series of what must now be worrying developments in the Jamaica music industry. The bans come in the wake of temporary stop order imposed on Elephant Man from leaving the island. Webb Cartels inability to travel to the United States and Bus Baboons present incarceration in Florida Jail, the current ban on these acts paints a most troubling picture of Jamaica music. What is more troublesome is the Europeans are becoming increasingly reluctant to grant visas to Jamaican acts due to what are reporting to be homophobic concerns. United States of America and other countries are making it clear that some things will not be tolerated. Stay in Jamaica and spew your bathtub lyrics. On the news dated Monday, November 8, 2010, SST. Andrew North police are seeking two of dancers most popular artistes, Webs Karate and Moved as persons of interest. This is not the first time these two names and others are sought by the police for questioning. Take for example, Ninja Man who arrested and charged for murder. This brings about a decline in revenue or remittance to the country and also exposes the musical industry to public criticism both locally and internationally. These artiste need to respect another mans country and clean up their lyrics. What mind of message are these artistes sending the youths? Jamaica is in a crisis and we Even the Broadcasting Commission of Jamaica banned many of the danceable songs from air waves due to the lewd lyrical content of most of these songs to preserve the integrity of the musical industry. In closing, Jamaican musical expression is corrupted due to the lyrics of danceable music which contributes to crime and violence exposes youths of society to deviant sexual behaviors and paints a bad image on the musical industry both locally and internationally and therefore it should not be encourage in any way.